From GridLAB-D Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search

Synopsis

module generators;
class windturb_dg
{
	set phases;	/**< device phases (see PHASE codes) */

	complex power_A;//power
	complex power_B;
	complex power_C;

	enum {OFFLINE=1, ONLINE};
	enumeration Gen_status;
	enum {INDUCTION=1, SYNCHRONOUS, USER_TYPE};
	enumeration Gen_type;
	enum {CONSTANTE=1, CONSTANTP, CONSTANTPQ};
	enumeration Gen_mode;
	enum {GENERIC_DEFAULT, GENERIC_SYNCH_SMALL, GENERIC_SYNCH_MID,GENERIC_SYNCH_LARGE, GENERIC_IND_SMALL, GENERIC_IND_MID, GENERIC_IND_LARGE, USER_DEFINED, VESTAS_V82, GE_25MW, BERGEY_10kW, GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_2_4KW, GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_10KW, GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_100KW, GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_1_5MW};
	enumeration Turbine_Model;
	enum {GENERAL_LARGE, GENERAL_MID,GENERAL_SMALL,MANUF_TABLE, CALCULATED, USER_SPECIFY};
	enumeration CP_Data;
	enum {POWER_CURVE=1, COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE}; 
	enumeration Turbine_implementation;
	
	double blade_diam;
	double turbine_height;
	double roughness_l;
	double ref_height;
	double Cp;

	int64 time_advance;

	double avg_ws;				//Default value for wind speed
	double cut_in_ws;			//Values are used to find GENERIC Cp
	double cut_out_ws;			// |
	double Cp_max;				// |
	double ws_maxcp;			// |
	double Cp_rated;			// |
	double ws_rated;			// |

	double q;					//number of gearboxes

	double Pconv;				//Power converted from mechanical to electrical before elec losses
	double GenElecEff;			//Generator electrical efficiency used for testing

	unsigned int *n;

	complex voltage_A;			//terminal voltage
	complex voltage_B;
	complex voltage_C;
	complex current_A;			//terminal current
	complex current_B;
	complex current_C;

	double TotalRealPow;		//Real power supplied by generator - used for testing
	double TotalReacPow;		//Reactive power supplied - used for testing

	double Rated_VA;			// nominal capacity in VA
	double Rated_V;				// nominal line-line voltage in V
	double WSadj;				//Wind speed after all adjustments have been made (height, terrain, etc)
	double Wind_Speed;
	
	//Synchronous Generator
	complex EfA;				// induced voltage on phase A in V
	complex EfB;				// |
	complex EfC;				// |
	double Rs;					// internal transient resistance in p.u.
	double Xs;					// internal transient impedance in p.u.
   double Rg;					// grounding resistance in p.u.
	double Xg;					// grounding impedance in p.u.
	double Max_Ef;				// maximum induced voltage in p.u., e.g. 1.2
   double Min_Ef;				// minimum induced voltage in p.u., e.g. 0.8
	double Max_P;				// maximum real power capacity in kW
   double Min_P;				// minimum real power capacity in kW
	double Max_Q;				// maximum reactive power capacity in kVar
   double Min_Q;				// minimum reactive power capacity in kVar
	double pf;					// desired power factor - TO DO: implement later use with controller

	//Induction Generator
	complex Vrotor_A;			// induced "rotor" voltage in pu
	complex Vrotor_B;			// |
	complex Vrotor_C;			// |
	complex Irotor_A;			// "rotor" current generated in pu
	complex Irotor_B;			// |
	complex Irotor_C;			// |
	double Rst;					// stator internal impedance in p.u.
	double Xst;					// |
	double Rr;					// rotor internal impedance in p.u.
	double Xr;					// |
	double Rc;					// core/magnetization impedance in p.u.
	double Xm;					// |
	double Max_Vrotor;			// maximum induced voltage in p.u., e.g. 1.2
   double Min_Vrotor;			// minimum induced voltage in p.u., e.g. 0.8
	
	char power_curve_csv[1024]; // name of csv file containing the power curve
	bool power_curve_pu;		// Flag when set indicates that user provided power curve has power values in pu. Defaults to false in .cpp
};

Power Curve Based Implementation

Note that the power curve-based implementation is not included in the v4.2. It is planned to be released in v4.3.

The power curve-based wind turbine implementation uses the power curves that translate the wind speed directly into output power. Power curves are often available from manufacturers through marketing materials and/or owner documentation. Their use simplifies the wind turbine modeling since they skip the internal details of the wind turbine and instead focus on the input/output characteristics. The implementation uses a default power curve or one of the power curves provided by the user. Examples of commercial and generic power curves can be found at: https://github.com/NREL/turbine-models

The power curve-based implementation replaces the coefficient of performance-based implementation. In future versions starting from v4.3, it will be the default implementation.

Coefficient of Performance Based Implementation

The coefficient of performance-based implementation was the original wind turbine implementation. It includes an explicit model of the wind turbine and the electrical machine/generator parameters. The implementation contains highly granular models of the synchronous and induction generators with their respective impedances. It uses the wind turbine coefficient of performance data to generate the output for a given wind speed input. The coefficient of performance is defined as the ratio of the power captured by the rotor of the wind turbine divided by the total power available in the wind just before it interacts with the turbine.

This model remains in the experimental level of development.

Properties

Property Name Type Unit Description

air_density

double

kg/m^3

Estimated air density. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation.

avg_ws

double

m/s

Default value for wind speed

blade_diam

double

meters

Specifies the diameter of the blades. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation.

current_A

complex

A

Terminal current on phase A

current_B

complex

A

Terminal current on phase B

current_C

complex

A

Terminal current on phase C

cut_in_ws

double

m/sec

Minimum wind speed for generator operation. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation.

cut_out_ws

double

m/sec

Maximum wind speed for generator operation. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation.

Cp_max

double

p.u.

Maximum coefficient of performance. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation.

Cp_rated

double

p.u.

Rated coefficient of performance. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation.

Cp

double

p.u.

Calculated coefficient of performance. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation.

CP_Data

enumeration

N/A

Data set for Coefficient of performance. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation. Default is CALCULATED.

  • GENERAL_LARGE
  • GENERAL_MID
  • GENERAL_SMALL
  • MANUF_TABLE
  • CALCULATED
  • USER_SPECIFY

EfA

complex

V

Synchronous Generator induced voltage on phase A in V

EfB

complex

V

Synchronous Generator induced voltage on phase B in V

EfC

complex

V

Synchronous Generator induced voltage on phase C in V

Gen_mode

enumeration

N/A

Control mode that is used for the generator output. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation. Default is CONSTANTP.

  • CONSTANTE
  • CONSTANTP
  • CONSTANTPQ

Gen_status

enumeration

N/A

Allows a user to dropout a generator. Default is ONLINE.

  • OFFLINE
  • ONLINE

Gen_type

enumeration

N/A

Allows the user to specify the type of generator. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

  • INDUCTION
  • SYNCHRONOUS

GenElecEff

double

N/A

Generator electrical efficiency used for testing

Irotor_A

complex

p.u.

Induction Generator "rotor" current generated in pu on phase A

Irotor_B

complex

p.u.

Induction Generator "rotor" current generated in pu on phase B

Irotor_C

complex

p.u.

Induction Generator "rotor" current generated in pu on phase C

Max_Vrotor

double

(p.u.)*V

Induction generator maximum induced rotor voltage in p.u., e.g. 1.2. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Min_Vrotor

double

(p.u.)*V

Induction generator minimum induced rotor voltage in p.u., e.g. 0.8. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Max_Ef

double

(p.u.)*V

Synchronous generator maximum induced rotor voltage in p.u., e.g. 1.2. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Min_Ef

double

(p.u.)*V

Synchronous generator minimum induced rotor voltage in p.u., e.g. 0.8. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Max_P

double

kW

maximum real power capacity in kW

Min_P

double

kW

minimum real power capacity in kW

Max_Q

double

kVar

maximum reactive power capacity in kVar

Min_Q

double

kVar

minimum reactive power capacity in kVar

power_curve_csv

string

N/A

Specifies the name of .csv file containing user defined power curve

power_curve_pu

Boolean

N/A

A Boolean when set to TRUE indicates that the user provided power curve has power values in p.u. Default is FALSE.

pf

double

p.u.

Desired power factor in CONSTANTP mode. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

phases

set

N/A

Specifies which phases to connect to. Triplex mode is only supported for the POWER_CURVE implementation.

  • ABCN
  • AS
  • BS
  • CS

Pconv

double

kW

Power converted from mechanical to electrical before electrical losses

power_A

complex

kVA

Complex power on phase A

power_B

complex

kVA

Complex power on phase B

power_C

complex

kVA

Complex power on phase C

q

double

N/A

Number of gearboxes. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Rst

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Induction generator primary stator resistance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Rr

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Induction generator primary rotor resistance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Rc

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Induction generator primary core resistance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Rated_V

double

V

Rated generator terminal voltage. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Rated_VA

double

VA

Rated wind turbine generator power output. Default is 100 kW.

roughness_l

double

N/A

European Wind Atlas unitless correction factor for adjusting wind speed at various heights above ground and terrain types, default=0.055.

Rs

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Synchronous generator primary stator resistance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Rg

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Synchronous generator grounding resistance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

ref_height

double

m

height wind data was measured. Default is 10 m.

turbine_height

double

meters

Specifies the height of the wind turbine hub above the ground. Default is 37 m.

Turbine_Model

enumeration

N/A

Allows the use of one of the pre-defined generic turbines. Default is GENERIC_DEFAULT.

  • GENERIC_DEFAULT
  • GENERIC_SYNCH_SMALL
  • GENERIC_SYNCH_MID
  • GENERIC_SYNCH_LARGE
  • GENERIC_IND_SMALL
  • GENERIC_IND_MID
  • GENERIC_IND_LARGE
  • VESTAS_V82
  • GE_25MW
  • BERGEY_10kW
  • GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_2_4KW
  • GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_10KW
  • GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_100KW
  • GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_1_5MW

Turbine_implementation

enumeration

N/A

Allows the user to specify the type of implementation for the wind turbine model. Default is POWER_CURVE.

  • POWER_CURVE
  • COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE

TotalRealPow

double

kW

Total Real power supplied by the generator

TotalReacPow

double

kVar

Total Reactive power supplied by the generator

time_advance

int

sec

Amount of time to advance for wind speed data import

voltage_A

complex

V

Synchronous Generator Terminal voltage on phase A

voltage_B

complex

V

Synchronous Generator Terminal voltage on phase B

voltage_C

complex

V

Synchronous Generator Terminal voltage on phase C

Vrotor_A

complex

p.u.

Induction Generator induced "rotor" voltage in pu on phase A

Vrotor_B

complex

p.u.

Induction Generator induced "rotor" voltage in pu on phase B

Vrotor_C

complex

p.u.

Induction Generator induced "rotor" voltage in pu on phase C

WSadj

double

m/sec

Speed of wind at hub height.

Wind_Speed

double

m/sec

Wind speed at 5-15m level (typical measurement height).

ws_rated

double

m/sec

Rated wind speed for generator operation. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation.

ws_maxcp

double

m/sec

Wind speed at which generator reaches maximum Cp. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE implementation.

Xst

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Induction generator primary stator reactance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Xr

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Induction generator primary rotor reactance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Xm

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Induction generator primary core reactance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Xs

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Synchronous generator primary stator reactance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Xg

double

(p.u.)*Ohm

Synchronous generator grounding reactance in p.u. Used in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE based implementation.

Defaults

Default Parameter Values
Parameter Default value
avg_ws 8 m/s
blade_diam 22 m
q 3
Max_P 90000 kW
Max_Q 40000 kVar
Rated_V 600 V
pf 0.9
CP_Data GENERAL_MID
cut_in_ws 3.5 m/s
cut_out_ws 25 m/s
Cp_max 0.302
ws_maxcp 7 m/s
Cp_rated Cp_max-.05
ws_rated 12.5 m/s
Gen_type SYNCHRONOUS
Rs 0.05
Xs 0.2
Rg 0
Xg 0
Gen_mode CONSTANTP
Gen_status ONLINE
power_curve_pu FALSE
Rated_VA 100 kVA
roughness_l 0.055
ref_height 10 m
turbine_height 37 m
Turbine_Model GENERIC_DEFAULT
Turbine_implementation POWER_CURVE

Example

A minimal model could be created via: 

object windturb_dg {
    parent my_meter1;
    phases ABCN;
    name windturb1;
    Rated_VA 10000;
    turbine_height 40;
}

or using one of the generic turbines: 

object windturb_dg {
    parent my_meter1;
    phases ABCN;
    name windturb1;
    Turbine_Model GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_1_5MW;
}
Retrieved from "https://gridlab-d.shoutwiki.com/w/index.php?title=Windturb_dg&oldid=9774"